SPEAKERS       CONTENTS       INSERTS    
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50–147 CC
1998
H. CON. RES. 270, H. RES. 392, H. RES. 404

MARKUP

BEFORE THE

COMMITTEE ON
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

ONE HUNDRED FIFTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

JUNE 5, 1998

Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations

COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, New York, Chairman
WILLIAM GOODLING, Pennsylvania
JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa
HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois
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DOUG BEREUTER, Nebraska
CHRISTOPHER SMITH, New Jersey
DAN BURTON, Indiana
ELTON GALLEGLY, California
ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida
CASS BALLENGER, North Carolina
DANA ROHRABACHER, California
DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois
EDWARD R. ROYCE, California
PETER T. KING, New York
JAY KIM, California
STEVEN J. CHABOT, Ohio
MARSHALL ''MARK'' SANFORD, South Carolina
MATT SALMON, Arizona
AMO HOUGHTON, New York
TOM CAMPBELL, California
JON FOX, Pennsylvania
JOHN McHUGH, New York
LINDSEY GRAHAM, South Carolina
ROY BLUNT, Missouri
KEVIN BRADY, Texas
RICHARD BURR, North Carolina
LEE HAMILTON, Indiana
SAM GEJDENSON, Connecticut
TOM LANTOS, California
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HOWARD BERMAN, California
GARY ACKERMAN, New York
ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American Samoa
MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ, California
DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey
ROBERT ANDREWS, New Jersey
ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey
SHERROD BROWN, Ohio
CYNTHIA A. McKINNEY, Georgia
ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida
PAT DANNER, Missouri
EARL HILLIARD, Alabama
BRAD SHERMAN, California
ROBERT WEXLER, Florida
STEVE ROTHMAN, New Jersey
BOB CLEMENT, Tennessee
BILL LUTHER, Minnesota
JIM DAVIS, Florida
LOIS CAPPS, California
RICHARD J. GARON, Chief of Staff
MICHAEL H. VAN DUSEN, Democratic Chief of Staff
HILLEL WEINBERG, Senior Professional Staff Member and Counsel
FRANCIS RECORD, Senior Professional Staff Member
PETER BROOKES, Professional Staff Member
KIMBERLY ROBERTS, Staff Associate
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C O N T E N T S

    Markup of H. Con. Res. 270, A concurrent resolution acknowledging the positive role of Taiwan in the current Asian financial crisis and affirming the support of the American people for peace and stability on the Taiwan Strait and security for Taiwan's democracy
    Markup of H. Res. 392, Relating to the importance of Japanese-American relations and the urgent need for Japan to more effectively address its economic and financial problems and open its markets by eliminating informal barriers to trade and investment
    Markup of H. Res. 404, Commemorating 100 years of relations between the people of the United States and the people of the Philippines
APPENDIX
    H. Con. Res. 270
    H. Res. 392
    Amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 392 offered by Mr. Bereuter
    H. Res. 404
Prepared statements:
The Honorable Doug Bereuter on H. Res. 392
The Honorable Doug Bereuter on H. Res. 404
The Honorable Robert Menendez on H. Res. 404
Additional material submitted for the record:
Description of the Bereuter and Rohrabacher Amendments to H. Con. Res. 270
MARKUP OF H. CON. RES. 270, H. RES. 392, AND H. RES. 404

FRIDAY, JUNE 5, 1998
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House of Representatives,
Committee on International Relations,
Washington, DC.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m. in room 2172, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Benjamin A. Gilman (chairman of the Committee) presiding.
    Chairman GILMAN. The Committee on International Relations meets today in open session, pursuant to notice, to consider several measures. We will first consider H. Con. Res. 270, relating to Taiwan's desire to play a positive role in the current Asian financial crisis.
    The Chair lays the resolution before the Committee. The clerk will report the title of the resolution.
    [H. Con. Res. 270 appears in the appendix.]
    Ms. BLOOMER. H. Con. Res. 270, a resolution acknowledging the positive role of Taiwan in the current Asian financial crisis, and affirming the support of the American people for peace and stability on the Taiwan Strait and security for Taiwan's democracy.
    Chairman GILMAN. This resolution was considered by the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific and reported from them with an amendment in the nature of a substitute now before the Members labeled ''committee print.'' Without objection, the Subcommittee amendment in the nature of a substitute will be considered as original text for the purpose of amendment, and without objection, the clerk will read the preamble and operative language of the Subcommittee amendment in the nature of a substitute for amendment.
    The clerk will read.
    Ms. BLOOMER. Whereas the President of the United States has announced he intends to travel to Beijing in June 1998——
    Chairman GILMAN. Without objection, the amendment in the nature of a substitute is considered as having been read and is open to amendment at any point.
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    I would now recognize the gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bereuter, to introduce the resolution.
    Mr. BEREUTER. Thank you, Chairman Gilman. H. Con. Res. 270 was introduced on April 30th, 1998, by Representative Solomon and cosponsored by Mr. Cox and Mr. Rohrabacher, and subsequently, the resolution was referred to the Subcommittee.
    On May 20th, the Subcommittee unanimously approved the resolution as amended by Mr. Rohrabacher and this Member.
    As everyone on this Committee knows, Congress has long played a critical role in the Taiwan relationship, which includes working with the Administration to ensure U.S. arms sales to Taiwan to meet Taiwan's defense needs, without provoking an arms race with the PRC or other countries in the region. We are, after all, the authors of the Taiwan Relations Act, which remains the law of the land.
    Taiwan and the United States share fundamental values, both economically and politically. Last February, Taiwan and the United States concluded a market access agreement, which provides immediate market access for U.S. agricultural products in Taiwan, as well as loosening restrictions on U.S. telecommunication firms operating in Taiwan.
    Politically, Taiwan is now a vibrant democracy, ready to join the World Trade Organization, characterized by free elections, a free press and dynamic political campaigns. Taiwan's political metamorphosis over the past decade has been profoundly impressive and serves as a model of peaceful, democratic change in the region and beyond. H. Con. Res. 270 sends a clear message of Congress' deep respect and affinity for the people on Taiwan, as well as our firm commitment to seeking a peaceful resolution regarding Taiwan's future.
    While it is true only the Chinese on both sides of the Strait can determine their future, the United States must continue to play a role in ensuring the peace and stability of the region.
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    I would like to commend Congressman Solomon for introducing H. Con. Res. 270 at this important point in U.S.-Chinese-Taiwan relations.
    Mr. Chairman, I urge adoption of H. Con. Res. 270 as amended.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Bereuter.
    Mr. Hamilton.
    Mr. HAMILTON. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I want to commend Mr. Bereuter for bringing forward the resolution. I support it, and I urge my colleagues to do likewise. I think it was adopted without dissent in the Asian Subcommittee. It is not opposed by the Administration.
    It is important that the People's Republic of China have a very clear understanding of our support for the people of Taiwan. As Mr. Bereuter said, we have great admiration and pride for their evolution toward democracy and a free market. This resolution underscores the great feeling of kinship between the peoples of Taiwan and the United States.
    I urge its adoption.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Hamilton.
    Mr. Fox.
    Mr. FOX. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I too want to join my colleagues in supporting H. Con. Res. 270. Having visited Taiwan last year and seeing the success of the democratic model there, we can only support legislation like this. It will only go to reinforce that relationship and to certainly send a signal to the people of Taiwan that we appreciate the fact that they have developed a democracy; and also, they have weathered the current Asian financial crisis better than others in the region, and so I believe it is certainly consistent with our policy from the Committee and the Congress, and I would move, as well as Mr. Bereuter, for its adoption.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Fox.
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    Mr. Rohrabacher.
    Mr. ROHRABACHER. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I strongly support this bill. Of course, I was involved with Chairman Solomon in authoring the bill.
    It is important for us to send a message to the mainland of China, but also to the people who live in the Republic of China on Taiwan, that there has been no evolution of American policy concerning Taiwan and concerning China.
    Some people have had the misunderstanding or have a misunderstanding that either through official communication or unofficial communication, that in some way the United States is less committed to the agreements that have been negotiated in the past, that insist that there be no force used against Taiwan, as well as, I might add, that the United States still continues to recognize a one-China policy. Thus, this resolution is aimed specifically at reaffirming that there has been no change in U.S. policy and that there should be no inferences made on the mainland, by the President's upcoming visit, that we are any less committed to the security of the Republic of China and Taiwan.
    I think this is the sense of the Congress. I think it will receive widespread support, just to make sure that we define the terms.
    Awhile back, Mr. Chairman, the words ''strategic ambiguity,'' I think, were being used in terms of our policy. There is no ambiguity toward American policy in this region. It has been stated and restated time and time again since President Nixon signed the Shanghai agreement. And that policy is that, yes, there is one China.
    I myself believe that one China happens to be the elected Government of China, the only democratically elected Government of China. However, we agree there is only one China, that there is a total renunciation of the use of force and the United States expects that there be will no use of force in settling any dispute between the Republic of China and Taiwan and the Government in Beijing.
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    Thank you.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Rohrabacher.
    I commend the distinguished chairman of the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific, the gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bereuter, and the chairman of the Rules Committee, the distinguished gentleman from New York, Mr. Solomon, for bringing this resolution on Taiwan to us in a timely manner. It is particularly important in light of President Clinton's fast-approaching summit with the Chinese in Beijing.
    Taiwan is of singular importance to our Nation. Taiwan plays a pivotal role in regional prosperity and stability. The kind of missile diplomacy that has been undertaken in the past is unacceptable, and it is appropriate that we call on Beijing to renounce the use of force in settling the Taiwan question.
    Finally, I commend Taiwan on the development of a vibrant democracy and a robust economy, and state my firm belief that the issue of one China must be settled peacefully and, first and foremost, by the Chinese people on both sides of the Strait of Taiwan. I urge my colleagues to adopt this resolution.
    Are there any other Members seeking recognition?
    Mr. Berman.
    Mr. BERMAN. Yes, Mr. Chairman, just not to prolong this, but I can't think of any reason in the world why Members of the House shouldn't support this resolution. It seeks an appropriate goal: the Chinese renunciation of the use of force in dealing with the Taiwan issue. It asks the President to seek to obtain that goal in his upcoming summit, and I urge the passage of the resolution.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Berman.
    Are there any other Members seeking recognition?
    If not, the question is on agreeing to the Subcommittee amendment. As many as are in favor of the amendment, signify by saying aye.
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    As many as are opposed, say no.
    The amendment is agreed to.
    The gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bereuter, is recognized for a motion.
    Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, if I could first ask unanimous consent that the description of the amendment, as agreed to by Mr. Rohrabacher and myself, which constitutes the substitute, be placed in the record for legislative purposes.
    Chairman GILMAN. Without objection.
    [The description of the amendment appears in the appendix.]
    Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I move that the Chairman be requested to seek consideration of the pending resolution as amended on the suspension calendar.
    Chairman GILMAN. The question is on the motion of the gentleman from Nebraska. As many as are in favor of the motion, signify by saying aye.
    As many as are opposed, say no.
    The ayes have it. The motion is agreed to. Further proceedings on this measure are postponed.
    Chairman GILMAN. We will now consider H. Res. 392, relating to Japan and the economic crisis in Asia. The Chair lays the resolution before the Committee. The clerk will report the title of the resolution.
    [H. Res. 392 appears in the appendix.]
    Ms. BLOOMER. H. Res. 392, resolution relating to the importance of Japanese-American relations and the urgent need for Japan to more effectively address its economic and financial problems and open its markets by eliminating informal barriers to trade and investment, thereby making a more effective contribution to leading the Asian region out of its current financial crisis, ensuring against a global recession and reinforcing regional stability and security.
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    Chairman GILMAN. This resolution was considered by the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific and reported without amendment. The Chairman of the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific has prepared a modification of the resolution. Without objection, the modification, which is labeled amendment in the nature of a substitute, is before the Members and will be considered as the original text for the purpose of the amendment.
    Without objection, the clerk will read the preamble and operative language of the amendment in the nature of a substitute for amendment, and it is so ordered.
    Ms. BLOOMER. Amendment in the nature of a substitute offered by Mr. Bereuter:
    Whereas the maintenance and improvement of a very positive international relationship between the United States and Japan——
    Chairman GILMAN. Without objection, the amendment in the nature of a substitute is considered as having been read and is open for amendment at any point.
    I would now recognize the gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bereuter, to introduce the resolution.
    Mr. BEREUTER. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    The world is closely watching Japan to determine if that country's leaders can steer the world's second largest economy clear of recession. The implications of their actions or inactions are enormous for Japan itself, and for the regional and global economy, and for the United States.
    If Japan's leaders choose the right path, they can help ensure that the Asian financial crisis is a short-lasted speed bump on the road to further economic liberalization and democratization in Asia. But if they choose the wrong path, they have the potential to prolong the crisis and perhaps even contribute to a global economic slowdown that will have a significant impact on the United States.
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    Some people suggest that the United States should not so publicly instruct Japan how to mend its economy, but that is not possible given the global implications of Japan's decisions.
    Several years ago, the Group of 7 leaders lectured the United States about the enormous fiscal deficits, and though we didn't like it, we have responded appropriately. Similarly, Japan's leaders do not have to like the nearly unanimous advice they are receiving from the Group of 7 and the United States, but they must respond accordingly for their own good.
    Today we are marking up H. Res. 392, as amended. It was introduced by myself on March 24th of this year. It relates to the importance of Japanese-American relations and the urgent need for Japan to more effectively address its economic and financial problems.
    The resolution does recognize the very positive things that Japan has done in the region and in their economy, but I think it is important that we take this step. The resolution, of course, is referred to two other committees as well, and the time that they have to consider it will be determined by the Speaker only after we have completed our action.
    I would like to thank the distinguished gentleman from New York, the Chairman, for approving the markup of this resolution at this crucial time in U.S.-Japanese relations in order to expedite the consideration or exploration of time the other committees might have the resolution.
    I would note that the distinguished Chairman recently sent a staff delegation to Japan to examine the very important and serious issue of whether that country will play a positive role in helping the Asian and the Pacific region pull itself out of their financial crisis. This legislation, with the amendment in the nature of a substitute, now updates the original resolution, as introduced, to reflect policy decisions that have been made by the Japanese Government after its original introduction.
    I would like to thank the distinguished gentleman from California, Mr. Berman, the Ranking Member of the Asia and the Pacific Subcommittee, for his strong support and cosponsorship of this resolution.
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    I would like to emphasize, we are not intent on lecturing Japan through this resolution. Rather, we are imploring Japan's political leaders and bureaucracy to do the right thing, and that is to adopt the economic reforms necessary to help Japan avoid economic stagnation or recession, to help the other Asian countries export their way out of financial crisis.
    The Asia and the Pacific Subcommittee held a hearing on the Asian financial crisis in February, and I learned that Japan played a singularly important role in how this crisis ultimately unfolds. Therefore, I introduced this resolution, which appropriately gives Japan credit for its generous contributions to the ailing economies of Thailand, the Republic of Korea and Indonesia. However, this resolution also warns that if Japan does not take the appropriate steps to stimulate its economy, deregulate its economy and strengthen the yen, then the United States will be forced to absorb a disparate share of the burden of the Asian financial crisis through increased imports from the region.
    Mr. Chairman, my predictions about the ballooning U.S. trade deficit with Japan and other ailing Asian countries are most certainly coming true, and they portend serious political consequences if Japan does not respond accordingly. For the last several months, the United States has posted record merchandise trade deficits, while Japan posts record trade surpluses. Perhaps the most damaging consequences of a weak yen and a stagnating Japanese economy is that a majority of the exports from Indonesia, Korea and Thailand are not flowing to Japan but coming to the United States. Instead Japan, the United States and the European Union should all be sharing the absorption of this huge increase in imports from those troubled countries.
    I am told, for example, that Japan has cut their imports by about $51 billion over the last 12 months, and most of that reduction has come from the Asian countries that are in trouble.
    Mr. Chairman, I urge Members of the House International Relations Committee to unanimously support the resolution, sending an important message to the world's second largest economy, our friend, Japan.
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    [The prepared statement of Mr. Bereuter appears in the appendix.]
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Bereuter.
    Mr. Berman.
    Mr. BERMAN. Well, Mr. Chairman, I think this resolution is just another example of the excellent work that the Chairman of the Subcommittee has done in a fashion and in a manner and in a tone that are consistent with our close alliance with Japan. This resolution makes some very specific recommendations that, as the Chairman said, we implore the Japanese to undertake in a way that is quite consistent with U.S. policy and with the exhortations of our own Administration officials on the subject of the Japanese role in the current economic difficulties that are being faced both in Asia and the world as a result of the crisis there. And I urge its adoption.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Berman.
    Are any other Members seeking recognition?
    I want to commend the distinguished chairman of the Asia and the Pacific Subcommittee chairman, Mr. Bereuter, for bringing this important and timely measure before us today. It is my understanding that this measure enjoys bipartisan support and it will be helpful to our long-standing efforts to open markets and to stimulate domestic demand in Japan.
    This measure calls on Japan to promptly undertake economic and financial reforms so that it can help lift the economies of its Asian neighbors out of the crisis. And while acknowledging that Japan has made substantial contributions in the form of second line credits to Indonesia, Thailand and South Korea, this resolution asks Japan to broaden its efforts to deregulate its economy, open its distribution system and make permanent tax and spending cuts.
    The amendment in the nature of a substitute being offered today by Mr. Bereuter updates the resolution noting the broad impact of a weakening yen and the adoption by Japan on April 24th of a large stimulus package. Accordingly, I urge its adoption by our economy.
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    Are there any other Members seeking recognition?
    If not, the question is on agreeing to the amendment in the nature of a substitute. As many as are in favor of the amendment, signify by saying aye.
    As many as are opposed, say no.
    The amendment is agreed to. The gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bereuter, is recognized to offer a motion.
    Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank my colleagues. I move that the Committee order the pending resolution reported to the House with a favorable recommendation.
    Chairman GILMAN. The question is on the motion of the gentleman from Nebraska. As many as are in favor of the motion, say aye.
    As many as are opposed, say no.
    The ayes have it. The motion is agreed to.
    We will now consider H. Res. 404, commemorating 100 years of relationship between the United States and the people of the Philippines. The Chair lays the resolution before the Committee. And let me say to my colleagues, this is the last measure we have before us and if we move quickly, we will be able to adopt it before we have to go to the floor.
    The clerk will report the title of the resolution.
    [H. Res. 404 appears in the appendix.]
    Ms. BLOOMER. H. Res. 404, commemorating 100 years of relations between the people of the United States and the people of the Philippines.
    Chairman GILMAN. This resolution is considered by the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific and reported without amendment. The clerk will read the preamble and the operative language of the resolution in that order for amendment.
    Ms. BLOOMER. Whereas 1998 marks 100 years——
    Chairman GILMAN. Without objection, the resolution is considered as having been read and is open for amendment at any point. I now recognize myself to introduce the resolution.
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    I am proud to have introduced this resolution commemorating 100 years of relations between the people of the United States and the Philippines. It is only right and fitting that the House make note of the special relationship between our Nation and the Philippines that we have shared for nearly a century.
    The beginning of our country's relationship with the Philippines in 1898 marks the beginning of our great interest in the Pacific and the development of strong, robust historical and cultural ties between the Philippines and our Nation.
    Though the United States and the Philippines are literally an ocean apart, the large Philippine-American community, numbering over 2 million, has immeasurably enriched the social and cultural fabric of our Nation and serves as a sturdy bridge of friendship between our two nations.
    Until the end of the cold war, the United States maintained major military facilities in the Philippines, which played a significant role in the maintenance of regional peace and stability. Today, the Philippines remains an important partner and an ally in guarding the peace and maintaining stability in Southeast Asia.
    Our Nation is pleased with the flourishing of democracy in the Philippines and it is hoped that the Philippines will serve as an example to others in that region and will encourage progress in the furthering of democratic principles and practices, respect for human rights and enhancement of the rule of law.
    I am pleased that we have had the opportunity to introduce this legislation, and I urge its adoption by the Full Committee.
    Mr. Hamilton.
    Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Chairman, you are to be commended for bringing this forward. I support the resolution.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you.
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    Mr. Bereuter.
    Mr. BEREUTER. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I congratulate you as well. The legislation was unanimously approved by the Subcommittee. I ask unanimous consent that my entire statement be made a part of the record on that discussion and I yield back the balance of my time.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. Bereuter appears in the appendix.]
    Chairman GILMAN. Without objection.
    Mr. Berman.
    Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Chairman, I support the resolution now. Can we work on your efforts to get the Filipino War Veterans Act—Equity Act, through this place as well?
    Chairman GILMAN. I welcome your support. It is an important measure, and I thank you.
    Mr. Rohrabacher.
    Mr. ROHRABACHER. I will be very quick, Mr. Chairman.
    I totally support this resolution, and I think the Philippines has been getting a raw deal from this Administration. The fact is, the Philippines are struggling to make sure they have a democracy that works. They are an example to the rest of the Pacific. Yet, the United States, we have put so much emphasis on Vietnam, a country that has had no democratic reform at all, and we should be encouraging our businessmen, rather than going to Vietnam or going to China, to invest in countries like the Philippines, where these people really want to have a democracy and are friends of the United States.
    So I support this resolution.
    Chairman GILMAN. Thank you, Mr. Rohrabacher.
    Mr. Menendez.
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    Mr. MENENDEZ. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I am very happy to be an original cosponsor with you. I have one of the largest Filipino-American populations in the country and I know of their enormous wealth of contributions to New Jersey, as well as to the Nation. Your resolution further solidifies the bonds between our countries and I would ask for unanimous consent to have my statement included in the record.
    Chairman GILMAN. Without objection. Thank you, Mr. Menendez.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. Menendez appears in the appendix.]
    Chairman GILMAN. If there are no further comments, I recognize the gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bereuter, to offer a motion.
    Mr. Bereuter.
    Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, I move that the Chairman be requested to seek consideration of the pending resolution on the suspension calendar.
    Chairman GILMAN. The question is on the motion of the gentleman of Nebraska. As many as are in favor, signify by saying aye.
    As many as are opposed, say no.
    The ayes have it. The motion is agreed. Further proceedings on the measure are postponed.
    I thank everyone. The Committee stands adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 10:30 a.m., the Committee was adjourned.]

A P P E N D I X

    Insert "The Official Committee record contains additional material here."

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