Segment 7 Of 7 Previous Hearing Segment(6)
SPEAKERS CONTENTS INSERTS
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107TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. 2126
To authorize the National Weather Service to conduct research and development, training, and outreach activities relating to tropical cyclone inland forecasting improvement, and for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
JUNE 12, 2001
Mrs. BIGGERT (for herself, Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland, Mr. KNOLLENBERG, Mr. EHLERS, Mr. SIMPSON, Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon, Mrs. WILSON, Mr. STRICKLAND, Mr. OTTER, and Mr. CALVERT) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science
A BILL
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To authorize funding for University Nuclear Science and Engineering Programs at the Department of Energy for fiscal years 2002 through 2006.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as ''Department of Energy University Nuclear Science and Engineering Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds the following:
(1) U.S. university nuclear science and engineering programs are in a state of serious decline. The supply of bachelor degree nuclear science and engineering personnel in the United States is at a 35-year-low. The number of four year degree nuclear engineering programs has declined 50 percent to approximately 25 programs nationwide. Over two-thirds of the faculty in these programs are 45 years or older.
(2) Universities cannot afford to support their research and training reactors. Since 1980, the number of small training reactors in the United States have declined by over 50 percent to 28 reactors. Most of these reactors were built in the late 1950's and 1960's with 30- to 40-year operating licenses, and will require re-licensing in the next several years.
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(3) The neglect in human investment and training infrastructure is affecting 50 years of national R&D investment. The decline in a competent nuclear workforce, and the lack of adequately trained nuclear scientists and engineers, will affect the ability of the United States to solve future waste storage issues, operate existing and design future fission reactors in the United States, respond to future nuclear events worldwide, help stem the proliferation of nuclear weapons, and design and operate naval nuclear reactors.
(4) Future neglect in the nation's investment in human resources for the nuclear sciences will lead to a downward spiral. As the number of nuclear science departments shrink, faculties age, and training reactors close, the appeal of nuclear science will be lost to future generations of students.
(5) Current projections are that 50 percent of industry's nuclear workforce can retire in 10 to 15 years, and 76 percent of the nuclear workforce at our national labs can retire in the next 5 years. A new supply of trained scientists and engineers to replace this retiring workforce is urgently needed.
(6) The Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology is well suited to help maintain tomorrow's human resource and training investment in the nuclear sciences. Through its support of research and development pursuant to the Department's statutory authorities, the Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology is the principal federal agent for civilian research in the nuclear sciences for the United States. The Office maintains the Nuclear Engineering and Education Research Program which funds basic nuclear science and engineering. The Office funds the Nuclear Energy and Research Initiative which funds applied collaborative research among universities, industry and national laboratories in the areas of proliferation resistant fuel cycles and future fission power systems. The Office funds Universities to refuel training reactors from highly enriched to low enriched proliferation tolerant fuels, performs instrumentation upgrades and maintains a program of student fellowships for nuclear science and engineering.
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SEC. 3. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROGRAM.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Energy, through the Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, shall support a program to maintain the nation's human resource investment and infrastructure in the nuclear sciences and engineering consistent with the Department's statutory authorities related to civilian nuclear research and development.
(b) DUTIES OF THE OFFICE OF NUCLEAR ENERGY, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.—In carrying out the program under this Act, the Director of the Office of Nuclear Science and Technology shall——
(1) develop a robust graduate and undergraduate fellowship program to attract new and talented students;
(2) assist universities in recruiting and retaining new faculty in the nuclear sciences and engineering through a Junior Faculty Research Initiation Grant Program;
(3) maintain a robust investment in the fundamental nuclear sciences and engineering through the Nuclear Engineering Education Research Program;
(4) encourage collaborative nuclear research between industry, national laboratories and universities through the Nuclear Energy Research Initiative; and
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(5) support communication and outreach related to nuclear science and engineering.
(c) MAINTAINING UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE.—Within the funds authorized to be appropriated pursuant to this Act, the amounts specified under section 4(b) shall, subject to appropriations, be available for the following research and training reactor infrastructure maintenance and research:
(1) Refueling of research reactors with low enriched fuels, upgrade of operational instrumentation, and sharing of reactors among universities.
(2) In collaboration with the U.S. nuclear industry, assistance, where necessary, in re-licensing and upgrading training reactors as part of a student training program.
(3) A reactor research and training award program that provides for reactor improvements as part of a focused effort that emphasizes research, training, and education.
(d) UNIVERSITY-DOE LABORATORY INTERACTIONS.—The Secretary of Energy, through the Office of Nuclear Science and Technology, shall develop——
(1) a sabbatical fellowship program for university professors to spend extended periods of time at Department of Energy laboratories in the areas of nuclear science and technology; and
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(2) a visiting scientist program in which laboratory staff can spend time in academic nuclear science and engineering departments. The Secretary may under section 3(b)(1) provide for fellowships for students to spend time at Department of Energy laboratories in the area of nuclear science under the mentorship of laboratory staff.
(e) OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE.—For the research programs described, portions thereof may be used to supplement operation of the research reactor during investigator's proposed effort provided the host institution provides cost sharing in the reactor's operation.
(f) MERIT REVIEW REQUIRED.—All grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, or other financial assistance awards under this Act shall be made only after independent merit review.
SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) TOTAL AUTHORIZATION.—The following sums are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy, to remain available until expended, for the purposes of carrying out this Act:
(1) $30,200,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $42,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
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(3) $47,850,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $55,600,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $64,100,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(b) GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE FELLOWSHIPS.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(b)(1):
(1) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $3,100,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $3,200,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $3,200,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $3,200,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(c) JUNIOR FACULTY RESEARCH INITIATION GRANT PROGRAM.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(b)(2):
(1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
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(2) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $9,000,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(d) NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND EDUCATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(b)(3):
(1) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $13,000,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(e) COMMUNICATION AND OUTREACH RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(b)(5):
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(1) $200,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $200,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $300,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $300,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $300,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(f) REFUELING OF RESEARCH REACTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION UPGRADES.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(c)(1):
(1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $7,500,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.
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(g) RE-LICENSING ASSISTANCE.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(c)(2):
(1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $1,100,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $1,200,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $1,300,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $1,300,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(h) REACTOR RESEARCH AND TRAINING AWARD PROGRAM.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(c)(3):
(1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $14,000,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2005.
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(5) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.
(i) UNIVERSITY-DOE LABORATORY INTERACTIONS.—Of the funds under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 3(d):
(1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
(2) $1,100,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(3) $1,200,000 for fiscal year 2004.
(4) $1,300,000 for fiscal year 2005.
(5) $1,300,000 for fiscal year 2006.
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[DISCUSSION DRAFT]
JUNE 11, 2001
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107TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
H. R. XX
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
M. &Nbsp; introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on
A BILL
To reauthorize and amend the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Robert S. Walker and George E. Brown, Jr. Hydrogen Energy Act of 2001''.
SEC. 2. PURPOSES.
Section 102(b) of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended to read as follows:
''(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act are—
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''(1) to direct the Secretary to conduct research, development, and demonstration activities leading to the production, storage, transportation, and use of hydrogen for industrial, commercial, residential, transportation, and utility applications;
''(2) to direct the Secretary to develop a program of technology assessment, information dissemination, and education in which Federal, State, and local agencies, members of the energy, transportation, and other industries, and other entities may participate; and
''(3) to develop methods of hydrogen production that minimize adverse environmental impacts, including efficient and cost-effective production from renewable and nonrenewable energy resources.''.
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
Section 102(c) of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended—
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (3) as paragraphs (2) through (4), respectively; and
(2) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this section, the following new paragraph:
''(1) 'advisory board' means the advisory board established under section 108;''.
SEC. 4. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.
Section 103 of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended to read as follows:
''SEC. 103. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.
''(a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Robert S. Walker and George E. Brown, Jr. Hydrogen Energy Act of 2001, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a detailed report on the status and progress of the programs and activities authorized under this Act.
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''(b) CONTENTS.—A report under subsection (a) shall include, in addition to any views and recommendations of the Secretary—
''(1) an analysis of Federal, State, and local hydrogen-related research and development activities to identify productive areas for increased intergovernmental collaboration;
''(2) a determination of the effectiveness of the technology assessment, information dissemination, and education program established under section 106; and
''(3) recommendations of the advisory board for any improvements needed in the programs and activities authorized by this Act.''.
SEC. 5. HYDROGEN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
Section 104 of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended to read as follows:
''SEC. 104. HYDROGEN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
''(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall conduct a hydrogen research and development program relating to production, storage, transportation, and use of hydrogen, with the goal of enabling the private sector to demonstrate the technical feasibility of using hydrogen for industrial, commercial, residential, transportation, and utility applications.
''(b) ELEMENTS.—In conducting the program authorized by this section, the Secretary shall—
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''(1) give particular attention to developing an understanding and resolution of critical technical issues preventing the introduction of hydrogen into the marketplace;
''(2) initiate or accelerate existing research and development in critical technical issues that will contribute to the development of more economical hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use, including critical technical issues with respect to production (giving priority to those production techniques that use renewable energy resources as their primary source of energy for hydrogen production), liquefaction, transmission, distribution, storage, and use (including use of hydrogen in surface transportation); and
''(3) survey private sector and public sector hydrogen research and development activities worldwide, and take steps to ensure that research and development activities under this section do not—
''(A) duplicate any available research and development results; or
''(B) displace or compete with the privately funded hydrogen research and development activities of United States industry.
''(c) EVALUATION OF TECHNOLOGIES.—The Secretary shall evaluate, for the purpose of determining whether to undertake or fund research and development activities under this section, any reasonable new or improved technology that could lead or contribute to the development of economical hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use.
''(d) COMPETITIVE PEER REVIEW.—The Secretary shall carry out or fund research and development activities under this section only on a competitive basis using peer review.
''(e) COST SHARING.—The Secretary shall require, for research and development activities carried out by industry under this section, a commitment from non-Federal sources of at least 20 percent of the cost of the project.''.
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SEC. 6. DEMONSTRATIONS.
Section 105(c) of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended by inserting ''NON-FEDERAL FUNDING REQUIREMENT.—'' after ''(c)''.
SEC. 7. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.
Section 106 of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended to read as follows:
''SEC. 106. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, INFORMATION DISSEMINATION, AND EDUCATION PROGRAM.
''(a) PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall, in consultation with the advisory board, conduct a program designed to accelerate wider application of hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use technologies, including application in foreign countries to increase the global market for the technologies and foster global economic development without harmful environmental effects.
''(b) INFORMATION.—The Secretary, in carrying out the program authorized by subsection (a), shall—
''(1) undertake an update of the inventory and assessment, required under section 106(b)(1) of this Act as in effect before the date of the enactment of the Robert S. Walker and George E. Brown, Jr. Hydrogen Energy Act of 2001, of hydrogen technologies and their commercial capability to economically produce, store, transport, or use hydrogen in industrial, commercial, residential, transportation, and utility sectors;
''(2) develop, with other Federal agencies as appropriate and industry, an information exchange program to improve technology transfer for hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use, which may consist of workshops, publications, conferences, and a database for the use by the public and private sectors; and
''(3) foster the exchange of generic, nonproprietary hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use information and technology among industry, academia, and Federal, State, and local governments.''.
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SEC. 8. COORDINATION AND CONSULTATION.
Section 107 of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ''management responsibility—'' and all that follows through ''(2)'' and inserting ''management responsibility''; and
(2) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
''(c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall consult with other Federal agencies as appropriate, and the advisory board, in carrying out the Secretary's authorities pursuant to this Act.''.
SEC. 9. ADVISORY BOARD.
Section 108 of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended to read as follows:
''SEC. 108. ADVISORY BOARD.
''(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall enter into appropriate arrangements with the National Academy of Sciences to establish an advisory board consisting of experts drawn from domestic industry, academia, Governmental laboratories, and financial, environmental, and other organizations, as appropriate, to review and advise on the progress made through the programs and activities authorized under this Act.
''(b) COOPERATION.—The heads of Federal agencies shall cooperate with the advisory board in carrying out this section and shall furnish to the advisory board such information as the advisory board reasonably deems necessary to carry out this section.
''(c) REVIEW.—The advisory board shall review and make any necessary recommendations to the Secretary on—
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''(1) the implementation and conduct of programs and activities authorized under this Act; and
''(2) the economic, technological, and environmental consequences of the deployment of hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use systems.''.
SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
Section 109 of the Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 is amended to read as follows:
''SEC. 109. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
''(a) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; ADVISORY BOARD.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out sections 104 and 108—
''(1) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2002;
''(2) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
''(3) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
''(4) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; and
''(5) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.
''(b) DEMONSTRATION.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out section 105—
''(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2002;
''(2) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
''(3) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
''(4) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; and
''(5) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2006.''.
SEC. 11. REPEAL.
(a) REPEAL.—Title II of the Hydrogen Future Act of 1996 is repealed.
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(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 2 of the Hydrogen Future Act of 1996 is amended by striking ''titles II and III'' and inserting ''title III''.