| Electric Generating Capacity | 0.76% per year |
| Population | 1.2% per year |
| Electric energy consumed | 2.1% per year |
| Oil | Gas | Natural Gas Liquids | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (billion barrels) | (trillion cu. ft.) | (billion barrels) | |
| Resource Category | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 |
| Undiscovered resources | |||
| Conventional Accumulations | 30 | 259 | 7 |
| Unconventional Accumulations | |||
| Sedimentary reservoirs | 2 | 308 | 2 |
| Coalbed methane | NA | 50 | NA |
| Anticipated Reserve Growth | 60 | 322 | 13 |
| TOTAL | 92 | 939 | 22 |
| Measured (Proved) Reserves (in 1994) | 20 | 135 | 7 |
| TOTAL | 112 | 1,074 | 29 |
| Technically Recoverable | Economically Recoverable* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F | Mean | F | $18/bbl | $30/bbl | |
| $2/mcf | $3.34/mcf | ||||
| Conventional | |||||
| Oil (BBO)** | 4.4 | 7.5 | 12.8 | 1.6 | 3.3 |
| Gas (TCF) | 34.0 | 57.9 | 96.8 | 9.7 | 13.6 |
| NGL (BBL) | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| Unconventional | |||||
| Oil (BBO) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Gas (TCF) | 72.4 | 127.1 | 202.4 | 6.1 | 11.4 |
| NGL (BBL) | 0.1 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Coalbed methane (TCF) | 13.0 | 16.1 | 19.6 | 7.0 | 11.8 |
| Category of Resources | Oil | Natural Gas | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Billions of Barrels) | (Trillions of Cubic Feet) | |||||
| Mean World Oil | Mean U.S. Oil | U.S. % of World | Mean World Gas | Mean U.S. Gas | U.S. % of World | |
| Undiscovered Resources | 649ÿ1B | 83G5, | 11% | 4,669ÿ1B | 527 | 527 |
| Reserve Growth | 612ÿ1B | 76G5, | 11% | 3,305ÿ1B | 355 | 355 |
| Reserves | 859 | 32 | 4% | 4,621 | 172 | 172 |
| Cumulative Production | 539 | 171 | 24% | 898 | 854 | 854 |
| Column totals | 2,659 | 362 | 12% | 13,493 | 1,908 | 1,908 |
| Total Grown Petroleum EndowmentI40(2) 3,021 Billion BarrelsI40(2) 15,401 Trillion Cubic Feet |
| State | Estimated Resource 1978 (MW) | Installed Capacity Geothermal (MW) | Installed Capacity All Sources (MW) | Percentage of Geothermal Power |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | 250 | 2093 | 0 | |
| Arizona | 1,000 | 15,254 | 0 | |
| California | 12,000 | 2,600 | 52,349 | 4.9% |
| Hawaii | 250 | 30 | 2,353 | 1.3% |
| Idaho | 540 | 3,001 | 0 | |
| Nevada | 2,000 | 200 | 6,389 | 3.1% |
| New Mexico | 2,700 | 5,531 | 0 | |
| Oregon | 2,200 | 11,344 | 0 | |
| Utah | 1,350 | 33 | 5,206 | 0.6% |
| TOTAL | 22,290 | 2,863 | 103,520 | 2.8% |
| Institute | EPRI 501 |
|---|---|
| Strategic, breakthrough focus | Primarily energy company operational, science and technology based solutions focus |
| Focused on expanding public/private collaboration | Electric Industry collaboration |
| Strategic public benefit research and development | Science and technology development directed toward solutions |
| Governance reflects diverse stakeholders | Governance is primarily through electric industry members |
| Objective | Feature | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Building Control | Building Management System (BMS) | The brains of the smart building; connected to thermal, occupancy, and other sensors and actively controls windows, lighting, and shading |
| Direct Solar Gain | South-facing windows | Glazed area in office, research prep room, and entryway facing South |
| Clerestory windows | Vertical south-facing windows of large area in clerestory atop roof | |
| Sun space | Room with closed doors & interior window absorbs heat during day; open at night to distribute heat | |
| Indirect Solar Gain | Trombe wall | Selective surface absorbs visible solar radiation but does not emit infrared; stores heat in thermal mass |
| Solar Gain Control | Light shelves | Controlled by BMS, reflect daylight into office space or permit shading |
| Venetian blinds | Controlled by BMS, exterior shading devices in front of clerestory windows open and close as necessary to maintain appropriate temperature and daylighting | |
| Operable awning | Additional shading on south windows with seasonal control | |
| Deciduous vines | Trellises above windows for growing vines that provide shade in summer and lose their leaves in winter | |
| Active Heating | Radiant slab floor | Warm water heated by natural gas circulates within concrete floor slab, heating the building by radiation |
| Heat Conservation | Insulation | Various walls insulated with foam panels or cellulose fiber |
| Low-e glazing | Low emissivity in the infrared range prevents radiative heat loss from window surface | |
| Low-e paint | Paint on interior walls prevents radiant heat transfer | |
| Airlock entry | Double-door airlock foyer prevents excessive air changes as people enter and exit | |
| Window & door sealing | Reduce air infiltration to a maximum of 0.5 air changes per hour | |
| Thermal Mass | Concrete floor & walls | Insulated 4" concrete slab floor, 8" concrete masonry and 2" masonry veneer in internal walls store warmth in daytime and release in evening; store coolth during summer nights |
| Rammed earth wall | Thermal mass wall by entryway to store warmth & coolth; uses local earth material | |
| Passive Cooling | High clerestory with north-facing openings | Natural convection draws warm air upward; clerestory windows and skylights operated by BMS |
| Daylighting | Clerestory, south windows and skylights | Large glazed area allows sufficient sunlight to penetrate even in winter to require minimal interior lighting |
| Light shelves | Adjustable light shelves reflect incoming sunlight as necessary for optimal angle | |
| High-Efficiency Lighting | T-5 fluorescents | High-efficiency fixtures |
| Lighting Control | Occupancy sensors | BMS turns off unneeded lights |
| Renewable Energy Generation | Photovoltaic system | Roof-integrated 3.3 kW thin-film PV with grid-interconnect inverter typically meets at least building load |
| Material | Characteristics |
|---|---|
| Concrete | Ultra-low content of (energy- and COÉ-intensive) Portland cement; replaces with rice hull ash and fly ash (organic, recycled materials). Innovative mix that requires a longer curing process but results in superior structural stability and durability than conventional mixes. |
| Cellulose fiber insulation | Organic, non-hazardous material with high R-value. |
| Structural wall panels | Integrated panels with expanded CFC-free polystyrene foam core; offer low weight, high R-value, low infiltration. |
| Rammed earth wall | Thermal mass wall made from local earth, rammed into form. |
| Lumber | Wood posts, beam and trusses from reused or locally salvaged lumber wherever possible, else from sustainably harvested trees; also recycled plastic lumber. |
| Tile | Bathroom tile made from recycled glass. |
| Paints and varnishes | Low or zero content of volatile organic compounds (VOC). |
| Roof | Galvalume standing seam metal roof is recyclable; provides substrate for PV laminate; clerestory roof from recycled copper. |
| Photovoltaic system | Thin-film amorphous silicon laminate minimizes embodied energy in PV manufacture; grid-intertie design avoids need for toxic lead-acid batteries. |